Post(s) tagged with "1997"
Long before this recent wave of private space travel start-ups, an unexpected launch vehicle failure resulted in the first commercial mission to the moon. Launched by the Russians for Asia Satellite Telecommunications Company (AsiaSat), the failure of the Proton Blok DM3 upper stage (designed to fire 110 seconds, it cut off prematurely after 1 second) put the satellite in a useless 203 x 36,000-kilometer orbit:
HGS-1 was launched Christmas Day [1997]. Because of a malfunctioning launch vehicle, it was left in an unusable, highly elliptical orbit. Insurers declared it a total loss for its original purposes, which was for communications and television services in Asia. Hughes Global Services, Inc., (HGS) obtained title in April to the fully functional satellite, an HS 601HP model built by Hughes Space and Communications Company (HSC).
Hughes orbital engineers devised a novel mission to salvage the satellite, using lunar gravity to improve the resulting orbit once the satellite returned to Earth.
HGS-1 made its first swing around the moon May 13 [1998]. On May 16, as the satellite approached Earth, controllers slowed it down by firing the on-board rocket motor. This put the satellite into a 15-day orbit around Earth with an apogee — the farthest distance from Earth — of about 303,000 miles (488,000 km). The moon is about 250,000 miles away (402,000 km).
On June 1, controllers nudged the satellite into position for a second lunar flyby. It passed the moon again on June 6, at a distance of nearly 21,300 miles (34,300 km) from the surface, which is about 52 times farther than the initial lunar encounter of 3,883 miles (6,200 km). A small firing of the rocket motor June 11 reoriented the satellite for its final orbit around Earth.
In early 1999, PanAmSat acquired the HGS-1 satellite. Subsequently, PanAmSat was granted authority to drift the satellite, now called PAS-22, into the 60º W.L. location. In March 1998, AsiaSat ordered a replacement satellite from Hughes. Designated AsiaSat 3S, the new satellite is a replica of AsiaSat 3 and was successfully launched on a Proton-K Blok-DM3.
Source: sse.jpl.nasa.gov
![fotojournalismus:
Grozny, Chechnya, 2001. When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, Chechnya proclaimed itself independent of Russia. In December 1994 Russian troops entered Chechnya to quash the independence movement. It is estimated that up to 100,000 people, many of them civilians, died in the ensuing 20-month war. Food and water supplies stopped within days of the Russian attack. Men and women searched for sustenance among the exploding shells, while the severity of the bombardment sometimes made it dangerous to venture out to retrieve the dead. Under Russian President Boris Yeltsin, a formal peace treaty was signed in July 1997, though the issue of independence wasn’t settled. In 1999, under the new prime minister Vladimir Putin, Russian forces re-deployed in Chechnya. Open conflict, as well as suicide bombings in Chechnya and in Moscow, continued into 2003.
From Open Wound
[Credit : Stanley Greene]](http://24.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_m24fgtajVB1r44q44o1_500.jpg)
Grozny, Chechnya, 2001. When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, Chechnya proclaimed itself independent of Russia. In December 1994 Russian troops entered Chechnya to quash the independence movement. It is estimated that up to 100,000 people, many of them civilians, died in the ensuing 20-month war. Food and water supplies stopped within days of the Russian attack. Men and women searched for sustenance among the exploding shells, while the severity of the bombardment sometimes made it dangerous to venture out to retrieve the dead. Under Russian President Boris Yeltsin, a formal peace treaty was signed in July 1997, though the issue of independence wasn’t settled. In 1999, under the new prime minister Vladimir Putin, Russian forces re-deployed in Chechnya. Open conflict, as well as suicide bombings in Chechnya and in Moscow, continued into 2003.
From Open Wound
[Credit : Stanley Greene]
Source: fotojournalismus
Source: theinarguable
by Colin J. Campbell and Jean H. Laherrère, Scientific American March 1998
“Using several different techniques to estimate the current reserves of conventional oil and the amount still left to be discovered, we conclude that the decline will begin before 2010.” […] “Yet official figures indicated that proved reserves did not fall by 16 Gbo, as one would expect rather they expanded by 11 Gbo. One reason is that several dozen governments opted not to report declines in their reserves, perhaps to enhance their political cachet and their ability to obtain loans.” […] “By 2002 or so the world will rely on Middle East nations, particularly five near the Persian Gulf (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates), to fill in the gap between dwindling supply and growing demand. But once approximately 900 Gbo have been consumed, production must soon begin to fall. Barring a global recession, it seems most likely that world production of conventional oil will peak during the first decade of the 21st century.”
Radiohead - No Surprises
Source: youtube.com
Karma Police - Radiohead
60 
Björk interviews Arvo Pärt for the BBC program ‘Modern Minimalists’ (1997)
Source: dirtyhands
Highly reccommend you to watch this and share!!
Miko Peled is a peace activist who dares to say in public what others still choose to deny. Born in Jerusalem in 1961 into a well known Zionist family, his grandfather, Dr. Avraham Katsnelson was a Zionist leader and signer of the Israeli Declaration of Independence. His Father, Matti Peled, was a young officer in the war of 1948 and a general in the war of 1967 when Israel conquered the West Bank, Gaza, Golan Heights and Sinai.
Miko’s unlikely opinions reflect his father’s legacy. General Peled was a war hero turned peacemaker.
Miko grew up in Jerusalem, a multi-ethnic city, but had to leave Israel before he made his first Palestinian friend, the result of his participation in a dialogue group in California. He was 39.
On September 4, 1997 the beloved Smadar, 13, the daughter of Miko’s sister Nurit and her husband Rami Elhanan was killed in a suicide attack.
Peled insists that Israel/Palestine is one state—the separation wall notwithstanding, massive investment in infrastructure, towns and highways that bisect and connect settlements on the West Bank, have destroyed the possibility for a viable Palestinian state. The result, Peled says is that Israelis and Palestinians are governed by the same government but live under different sets of laws.At the heart of Peled’s conclusion lies the realization that Israelis and Palestinians can live in peace as equals in their shared homeland.
Source: madeinnablus
Brother (1997). Russian poster.
Source: foreignmovieposters
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